pyruvate decarboxylase
Pathways
ethanol fermentation (BRENDA)






EC Number
Reaction
Pathways
Reaction IDs
Stoichiometry Check
Missing Substrate
Missing Product
Commentary
Remark
pyruvic acid = acetaldehyde + CO2
-
-
-

natural substrates
benzoylformate decarboxylase
pyruvic acid = acetaldehyde + CO2
-
-
-

natural substrates
branched-chain-2-oxoacid decarboxylase
pyruvic acid = acetaldehyde + CO2
-
-
-

natural substrates
indolepyruvate decarboxylase
pyruvic acid = acetaldehyde + CO2
-
-
-

natural substrates
phosphonopyruvate decarboxylase
pyruvic acid = acetaldehyde + CO2
-
-
-

natural substrates
acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (acetylating)
acetaldehyde + CoA + NAD+ = acetyl-CoA + NADH + H+

3-phenylpropionate degradation,
threonine metabolism,
ethanol fermentation

Benzoate degradation,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Dioxin degradation,
Xylene degradation,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Degradation of aromatic compounds

sulfoacetaldehyde degradation IV,
2-deoxy-D-ribose degradation I,
L-threonine degradation IV,
ethanolamine utilization,
heterolactic fermentation,
triethylamine degradation,
2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate degradation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
2-aminoethylphosphonate degradation I,
ethanol degradation I
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
hexadecanal dehydrogenase (acylating)
acetaldehyde + CoA + NAD+ = acetyl-CoA + NADH + H+

3-phenylpropionate degradation,
threonine metabolism,
ethanol fermentation

Benzoate degradation,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Dioxin degradation,
Xylene degradation,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Degradation of aromatic compounds

sulfoacetaldehyde degradation IV,
2-deoxy-D-ribose degradation I,
L-threonine degradation IV,
ethanolamine utilization,
heterolactic fermentation,
triethylamine degradation,
2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate degradation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
2-aminoethylphosphonate degradation I,
ethanol degradation I
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
butanal dehydrogenase
acetaldehyde + CoA + NAD+ = acetyl-CoA + NADH + H+

3-phenylpropionate degradation,
threonine metabolism,
ethanol fermentation

Benzoate degradation,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Dioxin degradation,
Xylene degradation,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Degradation of aromatic compounds

sulfoacetaldehyde degradation IV,
2-deoxy-D-ribose degradation I,
L-threonine degradation IV,
ethanolamine utilization,
heterolactic fermentation,
triethylamine degradation,
2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate degradation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
2-aminoethylphosphonate degradation I,
ethanol degradation I
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
propanal dehydrogenase (CoA-propanoylating)
acetaldehyde + CoA + NAD+ = acetyl-CoA + NADH + H+

3-phenylpropionate degradation,
threonine metabolism,
ethanol fermentation

Benzoate degradation,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Dioxin degradation,
Xylene degradation,
Metabolic pathways,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments,
Degradation of aromatic compounds

sulfoacetaldehyde degradation IV,
2-deoxy-D-ribose degradation I,
L-threonine degradation IV,
ethanolamine utilization,
heterolactic fermentation,
triethylamine degradation,
2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate degradation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
2-aminoethylphosphonate degradation I,
ethanol degradation I
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
formate C-acetyltransferase
acetyl-CoA + formate = CoA + pyruvate
-
-
-
-
natural substrates
alcohol dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
D-arabinitol 4-dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
L-iditol 2-dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
mannitol-1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
carbonyl reductase (NADPH)
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
long-chain-alcohol dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
aldose reductase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
methanol dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
cyclohexanol dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
3-methylbutanal reductase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
S-(hydroxymethyl)glutathione dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
S-(hydroxymethyl)mycothiol dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
(R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
D-xylose reductase (NADPH)
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
glycerol dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
alcohol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
octanol dehydrogenase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
lactaldehyde reductase
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
methylglyoxal reductase (NADH)
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
isopropanol dehydrogenase (NADP+)
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates
(R)-specific secondary alcohol dehydrogenase (NADH)
a primary alcohol + NAD+ = an aldehyde + NADH + H+

Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis,
Pyruvate metabolism,
Metabolic pathways,
Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites,
Microbial metabolism in diverse environments

acetaldehyde biosynthesis I,
heterolactic fermentation,
superpathway of fermentation (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol III,
mixed acid fermentation,
acetylene degradation (anaerobic),
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol II,
pyruvate fermentation to ethanol I,
ethanol degradation II,
ethanol degradation I






-
-
-

natural substrates