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alcohol dehydrogenase
Pathways
acetoin degradation (BRENDA)
:= BRENDA, 
:= KEGG, 
:= MetaCyc, 
:= SABIO-RK
:= amino acid sequences 
:= show the reaction diagram
EC Number
Reaction
Pathways
Reaction IDs
Stoichiometry Check
Missing Substrate
Missing Product
Commentary
Remark
(R,R)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
; "show the reaction diagram")
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natural substrates
(R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase
(R,R)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
glycerol dehydrogenase
(R,R)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
alcohol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
(R,R)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
hydroxypyruvate reductase
(R,R)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
meso-2,3-butandiol dehydrogenase
(R,R)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (R)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
diacetyl reductase [(S)-acetoin forming]
(S)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
; "show the reaction diagram")
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natural substrates
(R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase
(S)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
(S,S)-butanediol dehydrogenase
(S)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
meso-2,3-butandiol dehydrogenase
(S)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
acetoin dehydrogenase system
acetoin + CoA + NAD+ = acetaldehyde + acetyl-CoA + NADH + H+
; "show the reaction diagram")
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natural substrates
pyruvate decarboxylase
2 pyruvate = 2-acetolactate + CO2
; "show the reaction diagram")
; "show the reaction diagram")
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: TPP-dependent enzymatic reaction (R00014+R03050); TPP-dependent enzymatic reaction (R00014+R04672)natural substrates
acetolactate synthase
2 pyruvate = 2-acetolactate + CO2
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: TPP-dependent enzymatic reaction (R00014+R03050); TPP-dependent enzymatic reaction (R00014+R04672)natural substrates
0.0.0.0
spontaneous reaction
2-acetolactate + oxidized electron acceptor = diacetyl + CO2 + reduced electron acceptor
generic compounds
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natural substrates, generic
acetolactate decarboxylase
(2S)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate = (3R)-3-hydroxybutan-2-one + CO2
; "show the reaction diagram")
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natural substrates
aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+)
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
; "show the reaction diagram")
; "show the reaction diagram")
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
alcohol dehydrogenase
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
L-xylulose reductase
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
L-glycol dehydrogenase
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
(S)-carnitine 3-dehydrogenase
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
diacetyl reductase [(R)-acetoin forming]
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
diacetyl reductase [(S)-acetoin forming]
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
(R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
alcohol dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+]
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
(S,S)-butanediol dehydrogenase
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
hydroxypyruvate reductase
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
meso-2,3-butandiol dehydrogenase
(R)-acetoin + NAD+ = diacetyl + NADH + H+
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: This activity is usually associated with butanediol dehydrogenase activity (EC 1.1.1.4 or EC 1.1.1.76). While the butanediol dehydrogenase activity is reversible, diacetyl reductase activity is irreversible. The product can be either (R)-acetoin [10938079] or (S)-acetoin |CITS: [Ui97][2040298]|, depending on the enzyme. The enzyme from pigeon liver can also accept NADP+ as acceptor [4152609].natural substrates
(2S,3S)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (S)-acetoin + NADH + H+
; "show the reaction diagram")
; "show the reaction diagram")
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natural substrates
diacetyl reductase [(S)-acetoin forming]
(2S,3S)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (S)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
(R,R)-butanediol dehydrogenase
(2S,3S)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (S)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
glycerol dehydrogenase
(2S,3S)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (S)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
(S,S)-butanediol dehydrogenase
(2S,3S)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (S)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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natural substrates
meso-2,3-butandiol dehydrogenase
(2S,3S)-butane-2,3-diol + NAD+ = (S)-acetoin + NADH + H+
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natural substrates